ACTIVE AND PASSIVE VOICE

ACTIVE AND PASSIVE VOICES

Definition: voice is the form of a verb which tells us weather the subject does something or has something done to it.

Active voice Pankaj takes coffee subject does something passive voice coffee is taken by Pankaj something is done to a subject rules for changing voice subject is placed in place of object and object is placed in place of subject by is used with a noun or a pronoun for showing their agent of some work  we can change voice of only transitive verb above with an object we cannot change voice of an intransitive verb that is a ver without an object

Rules for changing the verbs

Tense	Verb in Active voice	Verb in Passive voice
Present Indefinite	V1	Is/am/are+v3
Past Indefinite	V2	Was+were+v3
Future indefinite	Shall/will+v1	Shall/will+be+v3
Present Continuous	Is/am/are+V1+ing	Is/am/are+being+v3
Past Continuous	Was/weree+v1+ing	Was/were+being+v3
Present Perfect	Has/Have+v3	Has/Have+been+v3
Past perfect	Had+v3	Had+been+v3
Future Perfect	Shall/will+have+v3	Shall/will+have+been+v3

Change of Active voice in to Passive voice

Present Indefinite Tense

I eat a mango (active)
A mango is eaten by me (passive)

 He sells watches (active)
 watches are sold by him(passive)

 You do not tell a lie (Active)
 A lie is not told by you (passive)

 Do they buy new books (active)
 Are new books bought by them(Passive)

 who teaches you science (active)
 By whom are you thaught science(Passive)

Present Continuous Tense

·         I am writing a letter( active)
   A letter is being written by me (passive)

   She is not plucking flower (active)
   Flowers are not being plucked by her       (passive)

     He is driving a car (Active)
    A car is being driven by him (passive)

     Are you eating apples (Active)
    Are apples being eaten by you(Passive)

      Is helping you?  (Active)
    Are you being helped by him (Passive)

Present Perfect Tense

·        I have written a letter (Active)

A letter has been written by me (Passive)

·        He has posted the letter (Active)

The letter has been posted by him (Passive)

·        We have played the game (Active)

The game has been played by us(Passive)

·        They have finished the work (Active)

The work has been finished by them (Passive)

·        I have bought two pens(Active)

 Two pens have been bought by me(Passive)

Past Indefinite Tense

·        He wrote a letter( Active)

A letter was written by him (Passive)

·        I helped Ram (Active)

Ram was helped by me (Passive)

·        She lost her purse yesterday (Active)

Her purse was lost yesterday by her (Passive)

·        You did not take tea(Active)

 Tea was not taken by you (Passive)

·        Did the police catch the thief? (Active)

Was the thief caught by the police?(Passive)

Past continuous tense

·        He was answering the questions (Active)

The questions were being answered by him (Passive)

·        I was obeying my parents (Active)

My parents were being obeyed by me (Passive)

·        She was cleaning the room (Active)

·        The room was being cleaned by her (Passive)

She was offering prayers(Active)

·        Prayers were being afford by her (Passive)

·        What were you doing ?(Active)

 What was being done by you?(Passive)

Past Perfect Tense

·        I had taken food (Active)

  Food had been taken by me (Passive)

·        He had done his duty (Active)

 He is duty had been done by him (Passive)

·        we had last the match (Active)

 The match had been lost by us (Passive)

·        Had the broken your pen? (Active)

Had your pen been broken by him (Passive)

·        Had he not taken medicines (Active)

Had medicines not been taken by him (Passive)

Future Indefinite Tense

·        We shall play the match (Active)

The match will be played by us(Passive)

·        She will sing a song (Active)

A song will be sung by her (Passive)

The police will catch the thief (Active)

 The thief will be catch by the police (Passive) 

I shall take tea (Active) 

Tea will be taken by me (Passive)

He will fly a kite (Active) 

A kite will be flown by him (passive)

Future Perfect Tense

·        He will have written a letter (Active)

A letter will have been written by him (Passive)

·        She will have cooked food (Active)

Food will have been cooked by her(Passive)

·        I shall have finished the work (Active)

The work will have been finished by me(Passive)

·        He will have helped me (Active)

I shall have been helped by him (Passive)

·        You will have posted the letter (Active)

The letter will have been posted by you (Passive)

Note:To change interrogative sentences starting with wh family into passive voice,we added the wh word before the passive form of the sentence

·        What are you eating

·        What is being eaten by you

For who and whom look at the following example

·        Who bought this house?

·        Whom have you called?

·        Who has been called by you?

Imperative Sentences

An imperative sentences in the one which express an order, request, command etc.

An imperative sentences takes the following forms in passive voice

1.      Let+noun+be+V3

·        Shut the door (Active)

·        Let the door be shut (Passive)

2.      You are requested/ordered/advised etc to+V1+obj

·        Please bring the glass of water (Active)

·        You are requested to bring a glass of water (Passive)

3.      Sub+should+be+V3+obj

·        Respect your elders (Active)

·        Your elders should be respected (Passive)